Undergraduate laboratory physics – Has anything changed in 25 years?

At the 1982 conference of the Society for Research into Higher Education, which was entitled ‘Innovation through Recession’, I gave a paper on ‘Cost Effectiveness in Laboratory Teaching’, in which I concentrated on changes in both pedagogy and cost-effectiveness. Looking back at the paper after 25 years, I will briefly describe its content and challenge the audience to tell me what positive changes in both pedagogy and cost-effectiveness have occurred.