Time-reversal symmetry broken fluctuations of nonequilibrium systems

Stochastic thermodynamics has uncovered some fundamental laws that govern the fluctuations of mesoscale systems, even far from thermal equilibrium, and bridges the gap between macroscopic thermodynamics and microscopic laws. A central quantity in this framework is the entropy production, which explicitly measures the time-reversal symmetry breaking of fluctuating dynamics, and, under certain assumptions, can be related to the heat dissipation. However, many results of stochastic thermodynamics, including the close connection between entropy and energy, break down if there is no clear time-scale separation between "bath degrees of freedom" and "system degrees of freedom". In this talk, I will present some insights into the fluctuations and thermodynamic notions of nonequilibrium systems that do not fall into the usual paradigm of stochastic thermodynamics. In particular, I will discuss a tracer particle in a near-critical medium described by a field theory [1], and nonequilibrium lattice model [2] with nonreciprocal interactions [3].

• [1] Venturelli, Gambassi, ArXiv:2206.01664 (2022).
• [2] Loos, Klapp, Martynec, ArXiv:2206.10519 (2022).
• [3] Loos, Klapp, NJP 22, 123051 (2020).

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